Oral Hypersensitivity Reactions as An Emergency Conditions in Oral Medicine: A Scoping Review
Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Systematic Review
Abstract: Introduction: Oral medicine practitioners generally deals with chronic oral mucosal diseases and orofacial pain. Certain conditions are considered clinical emergencies that require immediate, unscheduled appointments for resolution. Hypersensitivity reactions represent abnormal immune responses triggered by exposure to otherwise harmless substances. These reactions encompass both allergic and non-allergic pathways, with severity ranging from mild manifestations to life-threatening emergencies. Physical signs of oral hypersensitivity reactions typically include erythema, ulceration, and lichenification. This study aims to evaluate oral mucosal hypersensitivity reactions in patients and summarize their clinical management. Methods: This scoping review followed PRISMA-ScR guidance. Case reports were searched in PubMed and ScienceDirect for publications from 2012 to 2024. Results: Ten records were identified. After screening, four case reports of oral hypersensitivity were included. The reported triggers were spicy seafood, lip balm, ibuprofen, and boiled cassava. Clinical findings included burning, paresthesia, erythema, lip swelling, ulceration, and crusting. Diagnoses were allergy-related stomatitis, stomatitis venenata, and stomatitis medicamentosa. Management centered on trigger withdrawal, with antihistamines and corticosteroids used when needed. Conclusion: Oral hypersensitivity may present as an urgent oral medicine problem. Careful allergy history, clinical examination, and selected laboratory tests support diagnosis. Removing the trigger and giving timely anti-allergic therapy remain the key steps of care. If breathing difficulty or systemic shock appears, the case must be treated as anaphylaxis emergency.
Institution: Padjadjaran University
Language: English
Subfield: Periodontics
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7172379184
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