Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: We investigate Faraday instabilities in three-dimensional parametrically driven trapped dipolar quantum gases within the framework of the extended Gross-Pitaevskii equation. In the superfluid regime, periodic modulation of the short-range interactions induces the resonant excitation of discrete polygonal surface modes displaying sub-harmonic response. The resonance frequencies and the parametric windows of instability are accurately captured by an appropriate Mathieu equation, further corroborating our simulations. It is also shown that dipolar interactions in superfluids shift the resonance frequencies to lower values compared to their non-dipolar counterparts. Near the superfluid-to-supersolid transition, intrinsic density undulations associated with the softened roton mode accelerate pattern formation, yielding hybrid surface and bulk excitations. The bulk patterns prevail deeper in the supersolid regime, emerging from droplet collisions with the superfluid background. Our results reveal a crossover from surface collective modes to hybrid surface-bulk excitations and demonstrate how parametric driving dictates pattern formation in long-range interacting quantum fluids.
Source: Physical Review A
DOI: 10.1103/ssvv-38b3
Language: English
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funder: Army Research Office
Award: G5501461112
OpenAlex ID: W7197053368