Year: 2026
Type: preprint
Abstract: Major evolutionary transitions occur when independently replicating particles unite into a higher-level individual. How selection comes to work on particle collectives and generates reliable heredity is unresolved. By packaging red and green plasmids in yeast cells we made plasmid communities units of selection: cell boundaries supplied discreteness, segregation generated variation, and cell division reproduced communities. Communities colouring cells yellow were preferentially propagated. Initially, yellow parents rarely produced yellow offspring, but continued selection aligned replicative fates of the two plasmids favouring recombinants that fused with the endogenous 2µ element. Chimera stability was secured by mutations in FLP1 , which encodes a recombinase that otherwise resolves fused replicons. Reliable collective heredity, here, a derived product of higher-level selection, marked completion of an evolutionary transition in individuality.
Language: English
Subfield: Genetics
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funder: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
OpenAlex ID: W7202026948