Low-Cost Agricultural Waste-Based Adsorbents for Water Quality Improvement: Integration with WQI And Multivariate Statistical Analysis
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Due to increasing water pollution from industrialization, urbanization, and agricultural activities there is an urgent need for sustainable and cost-effective water treatment technologies. Agricultural wastes-derived from adsorbents, including Moringa seed, rice husk, coconut shell, sugarcane bagasse, banana peel, peanut shell, corn cob, and sawdust, have emerged as promising alternatives to conventional treatment because of their low cost, abundance, biodegradability, and high adsorption capacity. At the same time, the Water Quality Index (WQI) has become an important tool for converting complex water quality data into a single value data, while the Langelier Saturation Index (LSI) and Ryznar Stability Index (RSI) are widely used for calculating the scaling and corrosion characteristics of water. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) supports water quality assessment by identifying dominant pollutants and important pollution sources from multivariate datasets. This short review highlights recent advances in agricultural waste-based adsorption, WQI, LSI, RSI, PCA and identifies their integration into a systematic framework for sustainable water quality assessment and improvement. The literature review identifies previous research gaps, including limited on-site validation, limited standardized adsorbent preparation method, and lack of integrated water quality assessment with treatment technologies. Future research should focus on developing intelligent low-cost treatment, and on site-applicable water treatment systems supported by statistical and decision-making tools.
Authors: Wasnik, Manisha, Dhamge, Nina
Language: English
Subfield: Water Science and Technology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7203463722
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