Robust LC–MS/MS method for quantification of ascorbic acid in infant formula and heat-processed donor human milk: A stabilization and matrix effects mitigation approach
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Ascorbic acid is an essential antioxidant for infant health; however, its quantification in infant formula and human milk is challenging due to matrix complexity, analyte instability, and lack of blank matrix equivalents. This study presents a simple and robust LC-MS/MS method that bypasses the need for standard addition using only 20 µL sample. The method showed excellent linearity (R² > 0.99), precision (CV <15%), accuracy (±10%), and sensitivity (LOD < 0.0375 µg/mL). Stock and working solutions remained stable for months at -20 and -80 °C, respectively, avoiding daily preparation. Optimized extraction substantially reduced matrix effects. The method was externally validated using certified infant formula reference material and successfully applied to commercial samples, with incurred sample reanalysis showing < 20% variation. This validated method offers a practical tool for the routine quantification of ascorbic acid in heat-processed donor human milk and infant formula, with the potential for application to other matrices.
Institution: University of Nebraska Medical Center
Language: English
Subfield: Food Science
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $3,450
OpenAlex ID: W7203493637