Work

Protocol for multimodal programming of murine macrophage phenotypes

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Macrophages continuously sense their environment and adopt distinct functional states in response to danger, repair, and homeostatic signals. Here, we present a protocol for generating murine bone marrow-derived macrophages and programming them with microbial/TLR and nucleic acid-sensing agonists, IL-4, apoptotic cells, and tumor microenvironment analogs. We describe steps for stimulation conditions and downstream immunological assays, including flow cytometry, ELISA, RT-PCR, and multiomics, to comprehensively profile murine macrophage phenotypes and functions across these contexts. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Mirji et al. 1 ; Mirji et al. 2 ; and Shinde et al. 3

Source: STAR Protocols

DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104767

Authors: Gauri Mirji, Sajad Ahmad Bhat, Rahul S. Shinde

Institutions: The Wistar Institute, University of South Florida

Language: English

Topic: Immune cells in cancer

Subfield: Immunology

Field: Immunology and Microbiology

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,550