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Household characteristics associated with smart-meter interval data viewership: Evidence from the U.S. residential energy consumption survey

Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) in the U.S. has increased in the last decade and provides an important link between customers, their load, and the grid. Smart meters are an essential component in that link. However, little is known about the households that engage with their household energy interval data. We extend the previous literature on smart meters by examining the household characteristics associated with viewing smart-meter interval data and its association with annual household electricity use. Using data from the U.S. Energy Information Administration's Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) for 2015 and 2020, we find that household characteristics consistently associated with smart-meter data viewership across both survey waves include having internet access at ho*Corresponding author Email: me, solar generation, and the number of electronic devices. Appliance stock characteristics commonly associated with higher household electricity consumption (e.g. electric space heating, and electric vehicle ownership) are generally not strongly associated with smart-meter viewership. Among households with smart meters, viewership is associated with lower annual electricity use for households with electric space heating relative to households without electric space heating, although this association is less precise in 2020. We conclude with a discussion of implications for utility policymakers, focusing on strategies to increase customer engagement with AMI data and the importance of considering household heterogeneity when designing dynamic pricing and demand-side management programs.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2026.102312
Language: English
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $2,950
OpenAlex ID: W7203827520
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Cites: 32
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