The Philosophical Concept of Freedom. The Freedom of Nature. A Genetic and Ontological Analysis of Non‑Deterministic Structure
Year: 2026
Type: preprint
Abstract: This text develops a genetic and ontological analysis of freedom, addressing both human will and nature. It begins with a genealogy of free will, showing that classical notions of freedom arise from human exposure to nature and gods, later shaped by scientific determinism. This determinism is logically refuted under the assumption of arithmetical finitude.The second part analyzes the will itself: it emerges from the dialectic of absence and presence, with absence as a first cause that has no external cause. Freedom is therefore not a property of the will but its ontological structure.Freedom of choice arises later through the confrontation with the Other, which forces consciousness to form multiple pre‑objects.The text then examines the freedom of nature. Nature does not possess an anthropomorphic will, but it does possess ontological freedom: the capacity for self‑separation, for generating new entities, and for continuing its own entanglements.The conclusion shows that nature and human beings meet as two freedoms. Contemporary natural catastrophes appear not as mechanical feedback loops but as symptoms of a forgotten wholeness. Ecology becomes a practice of interaction with a free world rather than a management of resources. To think the freedom of nature is to remember the wholeness from which both nature and human beings arise.
Author: Hörz, Manfred Albert
Language: English
Topic: Free Will and Agency
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7203865578
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