Neighborhood gentrification, income inequality, and cancer incidence among Hispanic/Latino adults
Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Neighborhood gentrification leads to displacement of people, networks, and resources, and to differences in how income is distributed in the community. Few studies, however, have examined the roles of neighborhood gentrification and income inequality in relation to cancer incidence, particularly among Hispanic/Latino populations. We examined measures of neighborhood gentrification and income distribution in association with cancer risk among Hispanic/Latino adults. METHODS: We included 14 303 adults (ages 18-75 years) from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos with geocoded addresses at baseline in 2008-2011. Incident cancers diagnosed from baseline through 2021 were ascertained via linkages with 4 state cancer registries. Neighborhood gentrification from 2000 to 2010 was assessed using the gentrification index. Income inequality in 2005-2009 was assessed using the Gini coefficient. Multivariable survey-weighted Cox regression estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between quartiles of gentrification and income inequality and cancer incidence. We also conducted stratified analyses by household-level poverty (FPL), HCHS/SOL field center, and insurance status. RESULTS: A total of 701 incident cancers were diagnosed over a mean follow-up of 10.4 (range = 0.1-13.8) years. Those in gentrification index Quartile 4 (vs Q1) had a 43% increase in cancer risk (HR = 1.43; 95% CI = 1.02 to 2.01), and those in Gini coefficient Quartile 4 (vs Q1) had a 52% increase in cancer risk (HR = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.03 to 2.26). Associations varied by health insurance status, but not by FPL or field center. CONCLUSION: The highest vs lowest levels of neighborhood gentrification and income inequality were associated with increases in cancer risk among Hispanic/Latino adults.
Source: JNCI Cancer Spectrum
Language: English
Subfield: Health
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,050
Funders: Office of Dietary Supplements, University of Miami, University of North Carolina, Northwestern University, San Diego State University, National Institutes of Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, University of California, San Diego, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Cancer Institute, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities
Awards: G1081972346, G1121130830, G1195046918, G1312369436, G1327559120, G1349668216, G1455175283, G1818487580, G1845395357, G1866572497, G1984718218, G2466919156, G2494211023, G2644289446, G2651066328, G2655143993, G2775889581, G2874865971, G308844681, G3332710595, G3492899037, G3614733703, G3667269547, G369778740, G373996396, G3801540856, G4216906458, G432753757, G5015503974, G5102588038, G5218849419, G528357465, G5430416737, G543802643, G5752304122, G5785169696, G5935820280, G596642789, G5988662542, G6088185517, G6149955053, G6170501256, G6202424770, G627395113, G6405494218, G665587953, G6676983573, G7002085061, G7132511053, G7400840618, G7416109258, G8022343337, G820454163, G8328619368, G8556167647, G8987601928, G9000249080, 1/2 Cancer Research and Education to Advance HealTh Equity (CREATE) Partnership, 2/2 Cancer Research and Education to Advance HealTh Equity (CREATE) Partnership, G937084196, G940445018
OpenAlex ID: W7203917579