Work

On the Role of Inertia and Damping in Grid-Forming Converters from the Perspective of Modal Frequency

Year: 2026

Type: conference-paper

Abstract: Grid-forming (GFM) converters are essential for stabilizing power systems with high renewable penetration. They provide virtual inertia and damping, influencing both frequency and synchronization stability. Existing studies often treat these aspects separately, limiting comprehensive understanding of parameter roles. To this end, this paper presents a unified analysis by decomposing system frequency response into common-mode (CM) and differential-mode (DM) components. The CM frequency reflects global frequency behavior, governing frequency stability, while the DM component captures nodal frequency and phase angle differences, related to synchronization stability. The distinct impacts of virtual inertia and damping on CM and DM dynamics are systematically examined. Results provide practical guidelines for coordinated inertia and damping design of GFM converters. The effectiveness of the analysis is validated through simulations.

Source: IEEE International Conference on Power and Integrated Energy Systems (ICPIES)

DOI: 10.1109/icpies69888.2026.11650852

Authors: Menghao Zhou, Chen Wu, Huisheng Gao, Run Huang, Hongbo Song, Huanhai Xin

Institutions: Zhejiang University, Yunnan Power Grid Co., Ltd. (China)

Language: English

Topic: Microgrid Control and Optimization

Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDGs: Industry, innovation and infrastructure, Affordable and clean energy

Open Access status: hybrid

OpenAlex ID: W7203930668

FWCI:

Cites: 9

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Related to: 10