Work

Preservation of Distinguishability: The Minimal Structure of Observation and the Generation of State Space

Year: 2026
Type: preprint
Abstract: Existing physics and mathematics have long presupposed structures such as state spaces, measures, and Hilbert spaces as given, and described dynamics on top of them. This paper asks whether such structures can instead be derived starting only from the flow of time and distinguishability, without presupposing a state space. To this end, a minimality principle (minimization of free parameters) is applied consistently at every stage. We first show, from the purely logical fact that the flow of time itself forms a semigroup without inverse (ℝβ‰₯0,+), that physical time-reversal is an operation undefined from the outset, and confirm that this asymmetry is realized in concrete dissipative systems. Applying the minimality principle (minimization of free parameters) adopted in this paper together with the origin-independence required by the flow of time, we then show that the Gaussian measure familiar from existing theory is the unique measure surviving these requirements, and that the space in which it lives is naturally fixed as a countably infinite-dimensional separable Hilbert space. Further, inverting the generator of the dissipative semigroup required by the preservation of distinguishability, we show that the generator Δ𝑒𝑛 = 𝑛^2𝑒𝑛 is uniquely determined solely by consistency with the measure’s own regularity threshold, without presupposing a concrete space (a specific dimension or boundary condition), and that this regularity threshold is naturally organized into the regularity hierarchy 𝛼 > π‘˜+1/2, consisting of measure-theoretic (π‘˜ = 0), topological (π‘˜ = 1), and dissipative (π‘˜ = 2) layers. From these prior results we axiomatize the minimal structure of observation (SCP) and the forward direction condition (ODC). From the condition that a single generator Ξ” returns to itself over time (self-return), Euler’s identity and the Fourier series that extends from it emerge; from the Wick rotation that analytically continues that generator, the SchrΓΆdinger-type equation and the path integral emerge. The inverse operation Ξ”βˆ’1 of the same generator leads, via the Green’s function, to the Navier-Stokes equations, and the Born rule emerges from the statistical structure of the initial covariance itself, which was already established before Ξ” was even derived, without anyseparate object called a wavefunction. These results suggest that the practice, in physics and mathematics, of presupposing a state space may have been a descriptive convention of Newtonian mechanics, which placed the state itself as an absolute origin and described time on top of it. This paper shows that the same structure is reached even after stripping away this convention, supporting the reading that the convention was a matter of convenience rather than necessity. Furthermore, this generator Ξ” inherits, at every cycle, the information left by the previous cycle as its initial condition, operating again over time and repeating the process of returning to itself: the state itself is completely extinguished at the end of each cycle, but during the cycle’s execution the physical layers of measure, topology, and dissipation are newly fixed, and that layer itself is left behind as a structure of space for the next cycle. κΈ°μ‘΄ 물리학과 μˆ˜ν•™μ€ μƒνƒœκ³΅κ°„, 츑도, 힐베λ₯΄νŠΈ 곡간과 같은 ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό 미리 μ£Όμ–΄μ§„ 것 으둜 μ „μ œν•˜κ³  κ·Έ μœ„μ—μ„œ 동역학을 기술 ν•΄ μ™”λ‹€. 이 논문은 μƒνƒœ 곡간을 μ „μ œν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³ ,μ‹œκ°„μ˜νλ¦„κ³Όκ΅¬λ³„κ°€λŠ₯μ„±λ§Œμ„ 좜발점으둜 μ‚Όμ•„ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ ꡬ쑰듀을 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ λ„μΆœ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό λ¬»λŠ”λ‹€. 이λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ μ΅œμ†Œμ„± 원칙 (자유 맀개 λ³€μˆ˜ μ΅œμ†Œν™”)을 λ§€ 단계에 μΌκ΄€λ˜κ²Œ μ μš©ν•œλ‹€. λ¨Όμ € μ‹œκ°„μ˜ 흐름 μžμ²΄κ°€ μ—­μ›μ—†λŠ” 반ꡰ(ℝβ‰₯0,+)을 μ΄λ£¬λ‹€λŠ” 논리적 μ‚¬μ‹€λ‘œλΆ€ν„° 물리적 μ‹œκ°„ 역행이 μ• μ΄ˆμ— μ •μ˜λ˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” μ—°μ‚°μž„μ„ 보이고, 이 λΉ„λŒ€μΉ­μ΄ ꡬ체적 μ†Œμ‚°κ³„μ—μ„œ μ‹€ν˜„λ¨μ„ ν™•μΈν•œλ‹€.이어 μ‹œκ°„μ˜ 흐름이 μš”κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” 원점 λ¬΄μ˜μ‘΄μ„±μ— 이 논문이 μ±„νƒν•œ μ΅œμ†Œμ„± 원칙(자유 맀개 λ³€μˆ˜ μ΅œμ†Œν™”)을 ν•¨κ»˜ μ μš©ν•˜λ©΄ κΈ°μ‘΄ 이둠의 κ°€μš°μ‹œμ•ˆ 츑도가 μœ μΌν•˜κ²Œ λ‚¨μŒμ„ 보이고, κ·Έ 츑도가 λ†“μ΄λŠ” 곡간이 κ°€μ‚° λ¬΄ν•œμ°¨μ› 뢄리가λŠ₯ 힐베λ₯΄νŠΈ κ³΅κ°„μœΌλ‘œ μžμ—°μŠ€λŸ½κ²Œ 확정됨을 보인닀. λ‚˜μ•„κ°€ ꡬ별가λŠ₯μ„± 보쑴이 μš”κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” μ†Œμ‚°λ°˜κ΅°μ˜ 생성원을 μ—­μ‚°ν•˜λ©΄, ꡬ체적 곡간 (νŠΉμ •μ°¨μ›μ΄λ‚˜ 경계쑰건)을 미리 μ •ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³ λ„ 츑도 μžμ‹ μ˜ μ •μΉ™μ„± λ¬Έν„±κ³Όμ˜ μ •ν•©μ„±λ§ŒμœΌλ‘œ 생성원 Δ𝑒𝑛=𝑛^2𝑒𝑛이 μœ μΌν•˜κ²Œ ν™•μ •λ˜λ©°, κ·Έ μ •μΉ™μ„± 문턱이 츑도둠적(π‘˜ = 0)Β·μœ„μƒμ (π‘˜ = 1)Β·μ†Œμ‚°μ (π‘˜ = 2) μΈ΅μœ„λ‘œ 이루어진 μ •κ·œμ„± 계측 𝛼 > π‘˜+ 1/2 으둜 μžμ—°μŠ€λŸ½κ²Œ 쑰직됨을 보인닀. 이 μ•žμ„  κ²°κ³Όλ“€λ‘œλΆ€ν„° κ΄€μΈ‘μ˜ μ΅œμ†Œ ꡬ쑰(SCP)와 순방ν–₯ 쑰건(ODC)을 곡리화 ν•œλ‹€. 단일 생성원Δ가 μ‹œκ°„μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 자기 μžμ‹ μœΌλ‘œ λ˜λŒμ•„μ˜€λŠ” 쑰건(μžκΈ°λ³΅κ·€)μœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„° 였일러 항등식과 κ·Έλ‘œλΆ€ν„° ν™•μž₯λ˜λŠ” 푸리에 κΈ‰μˆ˜κ°€,κ·Έ 생성원을 ν•΄μ„μ μœΌλ‘œ ν™•μž₯ν•˜λŠ” μœ… νšŒμ „μœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„° μŠˆλ’°λ”©κ±°ν˜• 방정식과 κ²½λ‘œμ λΆ„μ΄ λ‚˜μ˜¨λ‹€. 같은 μƒμ„±μ›μ˜ μ—­μ—°μ‚°Ξ”βˆ’1은 κ·Έλ¦°ν•¨μˆ˜λ₯Ό 거쳐 λ‚˜λΉ„μ—β€‘μŠ€ν† ν¬μŠ€λ°©μ •μ‹μœΌλ‘œ 이어지며, 보λ₯Έ κ·œμΉ™μ€Ξ”κ°€ λ„μΆœλ˜κΈ°λ„ 전에 이미 ν™•λ¦½λœ 초기 곡뢄산 μžμ‹ μ˜ ν†΅κ³„κ΅¬μ‘°μ—μ„œ,νŒŒλ™ν•¨μˆ˜λΌλŠ” λ³„λ„μ˜ λŒ€μƒμ—†μ΄ λ‚˜μ˜¨λ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ κ²°κ³ΌλŠ” 물리와 μˆ˜ν•™μ΄ μƒνƒœκ³΅κ°„μ„ μ „μ œν•΄ 온 관행이, μƒνƒœ 자체λ₯Ό μ ˆλŒ€ μ›μ μœΌλ‘œλ‘κ³  μ‹œκ°„μ„ κΈ°μˆ ν•˜λ˜ λ‰΄ν„΄μ—­ν•™μ˜ μ„œμˆ  κ΄€λ‘€μ˜€μ„ κ°€λŠ₯성을 μ‹œμ‚¬ν•œλ‹€. 이 κ΄€λ‘€λ₯Ό 걷어내도 같은 ꡬ쑰에 λ„λ‹¬ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것이 이논문이 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 보인 것이며, κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ κ·Έ κ΄€λ‘€λŠ” 필연이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ νŽΈμ˜μ— μ˜ν•œ 것이라 해석가λŠ₯ν•˜λ‹€. λ‚˜μ•„κ°€ 이 생성원 Ξ”λŠ” λ§€ μˆœν™˜λ§ˆλ‹€ 이전 μˆœν™˜μ΄ 남긴 정보λ₯Ό 초기쑰건으둜 λ¬Όλ €λ°›μ•„ μ‹œκ°„μœ„μ—μ„œ λ‹€μ‹œ μž‘λ™ν•˜λ©° 자기 μžμ‹ μœΌλ‘œ λŒμ•„μ˜€λŠ” 과정을 λ°˜λ³΅ν•œλ‹€: μƒνƒœ μžμ‹ μ€ μˆœν™˜μ΄ λλ‚ λ•Œλ§ˆλ‹€ μ™„μ „νžˆ μ†Œλ©Έν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, κ·Έ μˆœν™˜μ΄ μ‹€ν–‰λ˜λŠ” λ™μ•ˆ μΈ‘λ„Β·μœ„μƒΒ·μ†Œμ‚°μ΄λΌλŠ” 물리적 측이 μƒˆλ‘œ ν™•μ •λ˜μ–΄,κ·Έ μΈ΅ μžμ²΄κ°€ κ³΅κ°„μ΄λΌλŠ” ꡬ쑰둜 λ‹€μŒ μˆœν™˜μ— 남겨진닀.
Language: English
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7204087568
Cites:
Cited by:
Related to: