Preservation of Distinguishability: The Minimal Structure of Observation and the Generation of State Space
Year: 2026
Type: preprint
Abstract: Existing physics and mathematics have long presupposed structures such as state spaces, measures, and Hilbert spaces as given, and described dynamics on top of them. This paper asks whether such structures can instead be derived starting only from the flow of time and distinguishability, without presupposing a state space. To this end, a minimality principle (minimization of free parameters) is applied consistently at every stage. We first show, from the purely logical fact that the flow of time itself forms a semigroup without inverse (ββ₯0,+), that physical time-reversal is an operation undefined from the outset, and confirm that this asymmetry is realized in concrete dissipative systems. Applying the minimality principle (minimization of free parameters) adopted in this paper together with the origin-independence required by the flow of time, we then show that the Gaussian measure familiar from existing theory is the unique measure surviving these requirements, and that the space in which it lives is naturally fixed as a countably infinite-dimensional separable Hilbert space. Further, inverting the generator of the dissipative semigroup required by the preservation of distinguishability, we show that the generator Ξππ = π^2ππ is uniquely determined solely by consistency with the measureβs own regularity threshold, without presupposing a concrete space (a specific dimension or boundary condition), and that this regularity threshold is naturally organized into the regularity hierarchy πΌ > π+1/2, consisting of measure-theoretic (π = 0), topological (π = 1), and dissipative (π = 2) layers. From these prior results we axiomatize the minimal structure of observation (SCP) and the forward direction condition (ODC). From the condition that a single generator Ξ returns to itself over time (self-return), Eulerβs identity and the Fourier series that extends from it emerge; from the Wick rotation that analytically continues that generator, the SchrΓΆdinger-type equation and the path integral emerge. The inverse operation Ξβ1 of the same generator leads, via the Greenβs function, to the Navier-Stokes equations, and the Born rule emerges from the statistical structure of the initial covariance itself, which was already established before Ξ was even derived, without anyseparate object called a wavefunction. These results suggest that the practice, in physics and mathematics, of presupposing a state space may have been a descriptive convention of Newtonian mechanics, which placed the state itself as an absolute origin and described time on top of it. This paper shows that the same structure is reached even after stripping away this convention, supporting the reading that the convention was a matter of convenience rather than necessity. Furthermore, this generator Ξ inherits, at every cycle, the information left by the previous cycle as its initial condition, operating again over time and repeating the process of returning to itself: the state itself is completely extinguished at the end of each cycle, but during the cycleβs execution the physical layers of measure, topology, and dissipation are newly fixed, and that layer itself is left behind as a structure of space for the next cycle. κΈ°μ‘΄ 물리νκ³Ό μνμ μν곡κ°, μΈ‘λ, νλ² λ₯΄νΈ 곡κ°κ³Ό κ°μ ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό 미리 μ£Όμ΄μ§ κ² μΌλ‘ μ μ νκ³ κ·Έ μμμ λμνμ κΈ°μ ν΄ μλ€. μ΄ λ
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Όλ¬Έμ΄ μ±νν μ΅μμ± μμΉ(μμ λ§€κ° λ³μ μ΅μν)μ ν¨κ» μ μ©νλ©΄ κΈ°μ‘΄ μ΄λ‘ μ κ°μ°μμ μΈ‘λκ° μ μΌνκ² λ¨μμ 보μ΄κ³ , κ·Έ μΈ‘λκ° λμ΄λ 곡κ°μ΄ κ°μ° 무νμ°¨μ λΆλ¦¬κ°λ₯ νλ² λ₯΄νΈ 곡κ°μΌλ‘ μμ°μ€λ½κ² νμ λ¨μ 보μΈλ€. λμκ° κ΅¬λ³κ°λ₯μ± λ³΄μ‘΄μ΄ μꡬνλ μμ°λ°κ΅°μ μμ±μμ μμ°νλ©΄, ꡬ체μ κ³΅κ° (νΉμ μ°¨μμ΄λ κ²½κ³μ‘°κ±΄)μ 미리 μ νμ§ μκ³ λ μΈ‘λ μμ μ μ μΉμ± λ¬Έν±κ³Όμ μ ν©μ±λ§μΌλ‘ μμ±μ Ξππ=π^2ππμ΄ μ μΌνκ² νμ λλ©°, κ·Έ μ μΉμ± λ¬Έν±μ΄ μΈ‘λλ‘ μ (π = 0)Β·μμμ (π = 1)Β·μμ°μ (π = 2) μΈ΅μλ‘ μ΄λ£¨μ΄μ§ μ κ·μ± κ³μΈ΅ πΌ > π+ 1/2 μΌλ‘ μμ°μ€λ½κ² μ‘°μ§λ¨μ 보μΈλ€. μ΄ μμ κ²°κ³Όλ€λ‘λΆν° κ΄μΈ‘μ μ΅μ ꡬ쑰(SCP)μ μλ°©ν₯ 쑰건(ODC)μ 곡리ν νλ€. λ¨μΌ μμ±μΞκ° μκ°μ λν΄ μκΈ° μμ μΌλ‘ λλμμ€λ 쑰건(μ기볡κ·)μΌλ‘λΆν° μ€μΌλ¬ νλ±μκ³Ό κ·Έλ‘λΆν° νμ₯λλ νΈλ¦¬μ κΈμκ°,κ·Έ μμ±μμ ν΄μμ μΌλ‘ νμ₯νλ μ
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Όλ¬Έμ΄ μ€μ λ‘ λ³΄μΈ κ²μ΄λ©°, κ·Έλ λ€λ©΄ κ·Έ κ΄λ‘λ νμ°μ΄ μλλΌ νΈμμ μν κ²μ΄λΌ ν΄μκ°λ₯νλ€. λμκ° μ΄ μμ±μ Ξλ λ§€ μνλ§λ€ μ΄μ μνμ΄ λ¨κΈ΄ μ 보λ₯Ό μ΄κΈ°μ‘°κ±΄μΌλ‘ λ¬Όλ €λ°μ μκ°μμμ λ€μ μλνλ©° μκΈ° μμ μΌλ‘ λμμ€λ κ³Όμ μ λ°λ³΅νλ€: μν μμ μ μνμ΄ λλ λλ§λ€ μμ ν μλ©Ένμ§λ§, κ·Έ μνμ΄ μ€νλλ λμ μΈ‘λΒ·μμΒ·μμ°μ΄λΌλ 물리μ μΈ΅μ΄ μλ‘ νμ λμ΄,κ·Έ μΈ΅ μμ²΄κ° κ³΅κ°μ΄λΌλ κ΅¬μ‘°λ‘ λ€μ μνμ λ¨κ²¨μ§λ€.
Author: Optical Eyez XL
Language: English
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7204087568
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