Year: 2026
Type: preprint
Abstract: The capillary rise of simple passive fluids in a tube is given by Jurin's law of capillary action, which balances surface tension and gravity. For fluids composed of active particles interacting via pairwise forces, a capillary rise was reported despite a negative mechanical surface tension, a phenomenon which remains unexplained. We establish the active form of Jurin's law from the microscopic dynamics. It includes a drag emerging from particle currents that we find responsible for capillary rise. These active currents, alongside negative surface tension, lead to complex and counterintuitive capillary action phenomena that are impossible in equilibrium. In particular the capillary rise of active fluids depends on the shape of the tube, not solely on the tube diameter.
Source: arXiv (Cornell University)
Authors: Dong, Xinyi, Zhao, Yongfeng
Institution: Soochow University
Topic: Micro and Nano Robotics
Subfield: Condensed Matter Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
Award: G5946386318
OpenAlex ID: W7204158104
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