Emergence of the Proton-to-Electron Mass Ratio from a Continuous U(1) Topological Graph
Year: 2026
Type: preprint
Abstract: The Standard Model mass hierarchy is conventionally treated as a set of fun-damental inputs. This paper presents a dynamical systems model demonstratingthat the proton-to-electron mass ratio (≈ 1836.15) can emerge natively from acontinuous topological graph without hardcoded global scalars. By simulating a5000-node U(1) phase space subjected to gauge-isolated vacuum fluctuations, weestablish an organic Hamiltonian optimization. Much like how the historical adop-tion of continuous activation functions like ReLU resolved training bottlenecks indeep optimization networks, replacing binary interaction thresholds with a continu-ous, shifted probability manifold allows stable topological structures to crystallize.By independently evaluating dynamic binding energy against intrinsic gauge cou-pling, the Monte Carlo execution natively converges on a constituent mass ratio of1809.06 ± 30.42. *Author DisclaimerAll underlying concepts, frameworks, and core research directions are the original work of the author. Generative AI tools were used strictly for assistance in manuscript drafting, code generation, and figure preparation. All theoretical formulations and mathematical proofs included herein are unverified AI-generated drafts shared as preliminary proposals for discussion and community review.
Author: Lau, Peter HF
Language: English
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7204180297
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