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Comparing carbon emissions from oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine for preexposure prophylaxis and long-acting injectables for HIV prevention

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Estimated greenhouse gas emissions from active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) production were compared for oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) and long-acting injectable preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) agents, cabotegravir (CAB-LA) and lenacapavir (LEN). For 2 million person-years of PrEP, TDF/FTC generated approximately 108 million kg CO2e, compared with 4.1 million kg for CAB-LA and less than 0.1 million kg for LEN. These findings suggest substantially lower emissions with long-acting agents, supporting consideration of environmental sustainability in HIV prevention strategies.

Source: AIDS

DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000004537

Authors: Kiran Rodrigues, Ramine Bahrambegi, Michael Reid

Institutions: University of Pennsylvania, George Washington University, University of California, San Francisco, UCSF Institute for Global Health Sciences

Language: English

Topic: Environmental Impact and Sustainability

Subfield: Environmental Engineering

Field: Environmental Science

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDGs: Good health and well-being, Climate action

Open Access status: hybrid

OpenAlex ID: W7204484598

FWCI:

Cites: 4

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