Microstructure Evolution and Phase Stability of ODS Steel During Spark Plasma Sintering
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: The effect of spark plasma sintering (SPS) temperature on the structural and phase state and the physicomechanical properties of an ODS steel based on the Fe-Cr-Y2O3 system was investigated. It was established that increasing the SPS temperature is accompanied by a gradual increase in the degree of consolidation and a reduction in residual porosity. At 1400 °C, the densest and most homogeneous microstructure is formed, and the relative density reaches 96.3%. Further increasing the temperature to 1500 °C has little effect on the degree of consolidation, while the main phase composition, α-Fe(Cr), is retained. According to X-ray diffraction analysis, the crystallite size increases with increasing temperature, whereas the lattice microstrain decreases up to 1400 °C and increases at 1500 °C. The microhardness ranges from 489.4 to 588.7 HV1, reaching a maximum value of 588.7 HV1 at 1500 °C. Based on the combined consolidation and microstructural characteristics, 1400 °C was identified as the optimal SPS temperature, providing the highest degree of densification and the most homogeneous structural state of the material. The results demonstrate that, after a high degree of consolidation has been achieved, further increasing the temperature primarily promotes structural evolution without a significant increase in material density.
Source: Alloys
Language: English
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,207
OpenAlex ID: W7204871327