Comprehensive Assessment of the Surface Water Quality of Eldeş Pond (Bartın) Using WQI and Various Indices
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: This study was conducted during the 2023–2024 period to evaluate the water quality and pollution indicators of the Eldeş Pond located in the Ulus district of Bartın Province. Water samples were collected monthly from four designated sampling stations within the pond, and analyses were performed for 15 physicochemical parameters and 6 heavy metals. The results revealed that the annual average water quality of the pond was below the threshold limits specified in the SWQR (2016) and WHO (2021) guidelines, and thus classified as first-class water. To assess the suitability of the water for irrigation and domestic purposes, several indices were calculated, including the Water Quality Index (WQI), Magnesium Hazard (MH), Sodium Percentage (Na%), Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI), and Heavy Metal Evaluation Index (HEI). The index results indicated that the overall water quality of the pond ranged from excellent to good, with a low level of heavy metal contamination. However, the MH value was found to be slightly above the threshold reported in the literature, suggesting that caution should be exercised when using the pond water for irrigation purposes. In conclusion, the study highlights that while the Eldeş Pond is suitable for drinking and irrigation purposes in terms of physicochemical and heavy metal parameters, regular monitoring and the implementation of appropriate environmental management strategies are essential to ensure its ecological sustainability.
Source: Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi
Authors: Elif Seda Özbek, Ekrem Mutlu
Institution: Kastamonu University
Language: Turkish
Subfield: Water Science and Technology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7204891431