Work

Spontaneous neonatal pneumomediastinum with spinnaker-sail sign: A case report

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Neonatal pneumomediastinum is defined by the presence of free air within the mediastinum, usually associated with risk factors such as prematurity, meconium aspiration or neonatal resuscitation. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is a rare condition in newborns. Chest radiography is crucial to the diagnosis and may demonstrate typical patterns, including the Spinnaker-sail sign. We report the case of a term male newborn delivered by uncomplicated vaginal delivery with no need for resuscitation. On day 2 of life, muffled heart sounds prompted echocardiographic evaluation, which was limited by marked interposed gas. Chest radiography subsequently demonstrated pneumomediastinum with the characteristic Spinnaker-sail sign. The newborn was admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit for monitoring and received low-flow oxygen. He presented a benign clinical course with complete resolution of the air leak by day 7 of hospitalization. This case highlights the importance of careful physical examination and recognition of radiographic patterns of pneumomediastinum in neonates to ensure appropriate diagnosis and management.

Source: Radiology Case Reports

DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2026.07.134

Authors: Cláudia Ferreira Miguel, Mariana Meneses Oliveira, Teresa Torres, Beatriz Parreira de Andrade

Institution: Unidade Local de Saúde Gaia/Espinho

Language: English

Topic: Pneumothorax, Barotrauma, Emphysema

Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $600