Figure 4 from Pulsed Electric Field Ablation Reprograms Tumor Immunity and Stimulates Germinal Center Formation in Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Patients with Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Year: 2026
Type: other
Abstract: Antigen presentation and T-cell activation are accompanied by increased T-cell infiltration and cytotoxic activity after ablation. A, Violin plots demonstrating the mean expression level of IFNGR1 and IFNGR2 in the indicated cell populations before ablation (n = 20) and after ablation (n = 25), as measured by scRNA-seq. Blue lines represent the median, and P values were calculated using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. B and C, Violin plots demonstrating the mean expression level of various MHC I (B) and MHC II (C) molecules in the indicated cell populations before and after ablation, as measured by scRNA-seq. Asterisks (*) indicate samples for which the adjusted P value was also significant (P < 0.05). D, Heatmap showing the mean log2 fold change in the expression of T-cell activation and effector molecules after ablation (n = 25) relative to preablation (n = 20) as measured by scRNA-seq. E and F, Violin plots demonstrating the mean expression level of cytotoxic effector molecules in cytotoxic T cells (E) and natural killer (NK) cells (F) before ablation (n = 20) and after ablation (n = 25), as measured by scRNA-seq. G, T-cell populations in the TME after ablation, as assessed by scRNA-seq. Bar plots represent the mean percent of each cell population shown relative to the total number of leukocytes in each sample (±SD). P values were calculated using the propeller method. H, FCM analysis of PB lymphocytes from patients who received ablation and no-ablation control patients. The mean number of cells relative to the day 0 biopsy (preablation in the ablation group) is shown (±SD) from available patient samples (control group, n = 6; ablation group, n = 26) that were collected 15–30 days after biopsy/ablation. P values were calculated using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. No significant difference in the total number of CD45+ cells or the total number of leukocytes was observed before or after ablation or between the control and ablation groups (Supplementary Fig. S8). GZMA, granzyme A; GZMB, granzyme B; Treg, regulatory T cell. [Created in BioRender. Pastori, C. (2026) https://BioRender.com/napu66a.].
Authors: Marcelo Jimenez, Beryl A. Hatton, Alicia Moreno-Gonzalez, Jeffrey S. Iding, Javier Flandes, Erik H.F.M. van der Heijden, Calvin S.H. Ng, Carlos Prieto, Cristina Teodosio, Juan A. Flores-Montero, Marta Rodríguez-González, Oderay Mabel Cedeño Diaz, Shoko Vos, Rainbow W.H. Lau, Medard E. Kaiza, William H. Moore, Alberto Orfao, Tullia C. Bruno
Language: English
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
OpenAlex ID: W7204967573