Work

Protocol for optogenetic control of cAMP in human telencephalic organoids using an easy-to-build Arduino-driven LED system

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Temporal regulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) using photoactivated adenylyl cyclase (bPAC) is critical in research; however, commercial optogenetic systems are costly. Here, we present a protocol for optogenetic control of cAMP in human telencephalic organoids using an easy-to-build Arduino-driven light-emitting diode (LED) stimulation system. We describe steps for assembling the system, writing code for LED regulation, and preparing induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells for optogenetic experiments. We then detail procedures for optogenetic activation of cAMP to control cell-fate decisions. For complete information on the generation and use of this protocol, please refer to Shimada et al. 1 1. Shimada, I.S. ∙ Goto, A. ∙ Hashimoto, Y. ... Light- and chemical-induced ciliary signaling governs dorsal/ventral regionalization of human telencephalic organoids Nat. Commun. 2026; 17 :6712 Crossref Scopus (1) PubMed Google Scholar

Source: STAR Protocols

DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104818

Authors: Issei S. Shimada, Yoichi Kato

Institution: Nagoya City University

Language: English

Topic: Photoreceptor and optogenetics research

Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

Field: Neuroscience

Domain: Life Sciences

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,550

Funders: Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Nagoya City University, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science