Impact of nuclear triaxial deformation on electromagnetic fields in relativistic $^{129}\mathrm{Xe}+^{129}\mathrm{Xe}$ collisions
Year: 2026
Type: preprint
Abstract: Electromagnetic fields produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions depend sensitively on the initial spatial distribution of nuclear charge. Using the Liénard--Wiechert potential with a triaxially deformed Woods--Saxon density, we calculate the transverse electric and magnetic field distributions in $^{129}\mathrm{Xe}+{}^{129}\mathrm{Xe}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.44\text{ TeV}$. We systematically examine how the triaxiality angle $γ$ modifies the field structure at the collision time ($t=0$) in semi-central events, using spherical nuclear collisions as a baseline. The results show that nuclear triaxiality causes distinct spatial redistributions of both electric and magnetic fields in the transverse plane. These findings indicate that initial electromagnetic fields encode key information on intrinsic nuclear shapes, offering an additional constraint on nuclear deformation and its consequences for field-sensitive observables in heavy-ion collisions.
Source: arXiv (Cornell University)
Authors: Huang, Maidi, Hu, Jin, Liu, Yunpeng, Chen, Baoyi
Institutions: Fuzhou University, Tianjin University
Language: English
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: G2013753141, G5763458341, G82239281
OpenAlex ID: W7207747880