Spatial_and_Temporal_Quanta_from_Pregeometric_Connectivity
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: This note proposes a spatial quantum and a temporal quantum as elementary constituents of space and time emerging from a more fundamental pregeometric connectivity, rather than assuming space and time as pre-existing continuous backgrounds. In earlier work, connectivity among objects without coordinates, distances, or angles was taken as the primitive structure, and geometric structures were proposed to emerge from mutual connections among two, three, and four objects. A discrete common clock step was also introduced to describe synchronized rotation of two-vertex and three-vertex structures, C₂ and C₃. Here these two ideas are interpreted within a common generative scheme: the minimum spatial measure produced by interaction on a connection is defined as a spatial quantum, while the interval corresponding to one elementary update of a connection state is defined as a temporal quantum. Space is then interpreted as an accumulation of relational measure, and time as an accumulation of relational change.
Author: Munakata, Hidemi
Language: English
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7208827993
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