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A Prospective Observational Study of Diagnostic Accuracy of White Light Endoscopy and Narrow Band Imaging in Diagnosis of Helicobacter Pylori Infection by Examination of Gastric Mucosal Pattern

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection remains a major cause of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric carcinoma worldwide. Conventional biopsy-based histopathology is invasive and may yield false negatives due to sampling error. Narrow Band Imaging (NBI), an optical enhancement technique, enables real-time visualization of mucosal microvasculature, offering a potential non-invasive diagnostic alternative. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of NBI compared with White Light Imaging (WLI) and histopathology . Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at SRM Medical College Hospital & Research Centre from december 2024. One hundred twenty-six adults with dyspepsia underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy using both WLI and NBI. Endoscopic findings—including Regular Arrangement of Collecting Venules (RAC), diffuse redness, mucosal edema, and map-like redness—were documented and compared with histopathological results. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and diagnostic accuracy were calculated. Results: Of 126 patients, H. pylori infection was histologically confirmed in 68 (54%). NBI correctly identified 94.1% of biopsy-positive cases, demonstrating superior diagnostic accuracy compared with WLI (80.8%). NBI achieved sensitivity of 93.4%, specificity of 89.2%, and overall accuracy of 91% (p < 0.05). Following eradication therapy, 92% of patients showed reappearance of RAC and resolution of mucosal redness and edema . Conclusion: NBI provides an accurate, real-time, and non-invasive diagnostic tool for H. pylori-associated gastritis. It enhances mucosal visualization, reduces biopsy dependence, and enables efficient post-eradication assessment .

Source: International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology

DOI: 10.25258/ijddt.16.70s.21

Authors: SRIKANTH THIYAGARAJAN, SIVAMARIESWARAN R, MARENIKA MANISEKARAN, MAHALAKSHMI N, ABHISHEK REJI

Institutions: SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre

Language: English

Topic: Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies

Subfield: Gastroenterology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: bronze

Funders: SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney