Year: 2026
Type: review
Abstract: The study of redox biology has been growing constantly since the last decades. Over these years, redox processes have been linked to an extraordinarily wide range of physiological and pathological events, becoming recognized as central mechanisms underlying many of them. In this context, it becomes essential to understand the advantages and limitations of the tools under use, to recognize the specific controls required for each measurement and to accurately distinguish between distinct redox mechanisms. So far, multiple and excellent reviews have dealt with either the tools, the protocols or the mechanisms involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and quenching, a.k.a. redox events. However, a review outlining the workflows to appropriately detect them is still lacking. We define workflow as the combination of tools, methods and mechanistic knowledge that allow the definition of a specific redox event. In this review, we aim to provide an optimal workflow for the research on mitochondrial redox events. To this end, we first summarize the molecular tools available to measure and quench ROS. We then explain the mechanisms of ROS production and scavenging in several of the cellular compartments, with special focus on mitochondria, as well as their implication in physiology and disease. Finally, we use the knowledge in all sections to build a recommended experimental workflow, illustrated by several cases of study. This review will enable the reader to understand how specific mitochondrial redox events can be accurately measured, considering all technical, methodological and mechanistical variables and limitations required for their reliable detection and interpretation.
Source: Redox Biology
Authors: Pablo Hernansanz-Agustín, Juan Pedro Bolaños, Consuelo Borrás, Elisa Cabiscol, Victoria Campuzano, Laura de Cubas, José Antonio Enríquez, Isabel Fabregat, Gemma Gonfaus-Ortiz, Elena Hidalgo, Marc Liesa, Cristina Mas-Bargues, Antonio Martínez-Ruiz, María Monsalve, Rubén Quintana-Cabrera, Sergio Rius-Pérez, Juan Sastre, Antonio Zorzano
Institutions: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Centro de Neurociencias Cajal, Universidad de Salamanca, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica, Universitat de València, Universitat de Lleida, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Lleida, Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases, Consorci Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Spanish National Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Bellvitge, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Institut de Biologia Molecular de Barcelona, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Institute for Research in Biomedicine
Language: English
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $4,310
Funders: Fundación BBVA, “la Caixa” Foundation, Worldwide Cancer Research, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, European Commission, Generalitat de Catalunya, Federación Española de Enfermedades Raras, Generalitat Valenciana, Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, Fundación Tatiana Pérez de Guzmán el Bueno, Plan Nacional sobre Drogas, HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme, European Research Council, Comisión Sectorial de Investigación Científica, European Regional Development Fund, Agencia Estatal de Investigación
OpenAlex ID: W7212082967