Revisiting paternalistic leadership: Indirect pathways to teacher agency through school culture
Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: This study examined the relationships among paternalistic leadership, school culture, and teacher agency in Türkiye. Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), the findings indicated that paternalistic leadership is positively associated with school culture and teacher agency, underscoring that teacher agency is not merely an individual trait but is embedded within contextual and cultural dynamics. Although the direct effect between paternalistic leadership and teacher agency is statistically significant, the indirect effect through school culture is notably stronger. Consequently, the research offers theoretical and practical implications for understanding how leadership and organizational culture influence teacher agency in centralized, hierarchical education systems.
Institutions: Selçuk University, Gazi University
Language: English
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
SDG: Quality education
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W7212282014