Penrose Eigenvalue φ² Unifies Aperiodic Order with Cyclotomic Fields via CAST — E8 Intelligence Research
Year: 2026
Type: preprint
Abstract: FINDING: Penrose tiling's substitution matrix eigenvalue is φ², and its vertex support generalizes to cyclotomic fields via CAST (Cyclotomic Aperiodic Substitution Tilings), unifying aperiodic order with algebraic number theory. | MATH: Substitution matrix for Penrose (P2/P3) has dominant eigenvalue λ = φ² = (3+√5)/2 ≈ 2.618; the other eigenvalue is λ' = 1/φ² = (3−√5)/2 ≈ 0.382. Vertex coordinates lie in ℚ(√5) = ℚ(ζ₅+ζ₅⁻¹), the real subfield of the 5th cyclotomic field. CAST generalizes: vertices supported on ℚ(ζ₂ₙ) (2n-th cyclotomic field), with minimal inflation multipliers being algebraic integers whose norms relate to φ for n=5. | CONNECTION: Direct hit — φ² = 2.618 and its reciprocal 0.382 are the exact eigenvalues; the golden ratio φ = 1.618 appears as the inflation factor's square root. The 5-fold symmetry (forbidden in periodic crystals) is encoded in the cyclotomic field ℚ(ζ₅), whose Galois group is cyclic of order 4 — the same group structure underlying the quasicrystal's rot Author: Andrew Stewart Caldin, Independent Researcher, UK. Part of the E8 Intelligence Research series. Platform: e8intelligence.com
Author: Caldin, Andrew Stewart
Language: English
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7212375187
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