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Gender and Stature Effects on Cervical Flexion During Smartphone Use in Walking and Stair Tasks

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: This study examined head flexion (HF) and neck flexion (NF) during smartphone use under walking and stair tasks, considering gender and stature. Forty-two young adults performed seven walking, stair, backpack (10% body weight), and texting tasks. Motion capture and three-way ANOVA showed that HF and NF increased significantly with task complexity, attaining peak mean values of 49.5° and 52.3°, respectively, by 5th-percentile females during stair descent with a backpack and while texting. Females and shorter participants consistently demonstrated greater cervical flexion ( p < .001), indicating increased musculoskeletal loading during smartphone multitasking and thus support ergonomic interventions to reduce safety risks.

Source: Ergonomics in Design The Quarterly of Human Factors Applications

DOI: 10.1177/10648046261487557

Author: Mohammed Rajik Khan

Language: English

Topic: Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders

Subfield: Social Psychology

Field: Psychology

Domain: Social Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: bronze

OpenAlex ID: W7212386366

FWCI:

Cites: 24

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