Clinical integration and utilization patterns of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) fixed lingual retainers: A national survey of orthodontists
Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: CONTEXT: Although the clinical use of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM)-fabricated fixed lingual retainers has increased globally, evidence about their adoption among orthodontists in the Middle East remains limited. AIMS: This study aimed to evaluate current knowledge levels, attitudes, and clinical practices of Iraqi orthodontists regarding CAD/CAM fixed lingual retainers and, which demographic or professional factors influence their clinical use. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Over a period of 3 months, a 25-item questionnaire was distributed via Google Forms to collect data on clinical preferences and CAD/CAM use and awareness. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Over a period of 3 months, a 25-item questionnaire was distributed to the Iraqi orthodontists via Google Forms to collect data on clinical preferences and CAD/CAM use and awareness. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: Only 12.6% of the participants had incorporated CAD/CAM retainers into routine clinical work. After Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, CAD/CAM implementation remained significantly associated with practice setting. Orthodontists in private practice were the primary adopters of CAD/CAM technology. CONCLUSION: The preference of Iraqi orthodontists for CAD/CAM retention technology over conventional procedures remains limited. Expanding continuing education initiatives and including digital workflows training in postgraduate orthodontic programs may have potential for broader clinical implementation.
Source: Journal of Orthodontic Science
Authors: Hiba M. Alkhateeb, Ali M. Al-Attar
Institutions: University of Baghdad, Al-Esraa University
Language: English
Subfield: Orthodontics
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $400
OpenAlex ID: W7213266267