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Design and Implementation of a Low-Cost GNSSBased Precision Agricultural Monitoring System with Real-Time IoT Visualization

Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Precision agriculture provides an effective approach for improving agricultural productivity through spatially and temporally informed monitoring of soil, environmental, and crop conditions. However, many precision agriculture technologies remain relatively expensive and technically complex for small- and medium-scale farmers, particularly in developing countries. This paper presents a low-cost GNSS-based precision agricultural monitoring system integrating an ESP32, agricultural sensors, IoT communication, and real-time web visualization. The system acquires soil moisture, temperature, relative humidity, and GNSS data and transmits location-tagged measurements to a web server for remote monitoring.
Language: English
Subfield: Plant Science
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7213355767
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