Year: 2026
Type: preprint
Abstract: We investigate the zero- and finite-temperature Casimir interaction of the free trace-full scalar-charge fracton gauge field between two parallel reflecting boundaries. A variational analysis determines a consistent boundary-value problem that confines all five physical polarizations of the rank-two field. The spectrum separates into three faster and two slower propagating modes. At zero temperature, the vacuum interaction weights the modes by their propagation speeds; when the fast-branch speed is set equal to the speed of light, the resulting Casimir pressure is approximately 2.21 times the ideal electromagnetic value. At finite temperature, the two branches acquire different thermal weights and generate a split crossover. The normalized free energy and pressure follow distinct crossover profiles but approach the same classical high-temperature ratio of 2.5 relative to ideal electromagnetism, because the Matsubara zero mode counts the five confined polarizations independently of their propagation speeds. We derive the exact thermal interaction, its low- and high-temperature limits, and the dependence of the crossover scale on the effective gauge-field velocity. The transition from velocity-weighted quantum fluctuations to classical mode counting provides a direct spectral signature of the multi-branch structure of the higher-rank gauge field.
Source: arXiv (Cornell University)
Author: Muniz, Celio R.
Institution: Universidade Estadual do Ceará
Language: English
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
Award: G3695854702
OpenAlex ID: W7213394723