中国历法公共数据集:二十四节气交节时刻、历代历法改革年表、干支纪日对照表
Year: 2026
Type: dataset
Abstract: An open body of foundational Chinese calendrical data, comprising four interlinked assets. A1 · Solar-term instants (1900–2052): 3,672 records. Defined as in GB/T 33661-2017 (the moments at which the sun's apparent geocentric ecliptic longitude reaches an integral multiple of 15°), computed independently with the JPL DE421 ephemeris and Skyfield to second precision, and compared item by item with the 24 official values published by the Purple Mountain Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences: maximum deviation 30 s, mean 11.4 s, 24/24 agreement after rounding to the minute. Fields include ecliptic longitude, Beijing time, UTC and Julian day. A2 · Chronology of calendar reforms: 52 calendars, from the archaic six calendars to the Qing Shixian calendar and the Gregorian reform; fields include the years of use (with negative values for BCE), chief compilers, the month that opened the year, tropical year and synodic month, and major changes; five major reforms are flagged (Taichu, Daming, Wuyin yuan, Shoushi, Shixian). A table of four source discrepancies is appended. A3 · Sexagenary day correspondence (1900–2052): 55,883 days, day by day, with day stem-and-branch, sequence number, ten-day period, current solar term, term-month and the next term instant; anchored on 1 October 1949 = jiazi day (three sources agreeing) and cross-checked against four modern records and the Chunqiu entry for the third year of Duke Yin (22 February 720 BCE, a span of 2,669 years), all self-consistent. A4 · Frequently asked questions on the Chinese calendar: 197 questions and answers, each set out side by side in five languages (简体中文 / 繁體中文 / English / 日本語 / 한국어), the question and the Markdown answer being separate fields (id, slug, question, answer_md). They cover intercalation and the reckoning of the lunar year, the twenty-four solar terms, lunar phases, eclipses and planetary phenomena, the sexagenary cycle and the twenty-eight mansions, and the history of calendar reform. Both questions and answers are calendrical facts, with no inference and no reference to any individual. Boundaries: every value is a calendrical fact — an instant, a chronology entry, a correspondence table. The dataset contains no judgements, no verdicts, no auspices or prohibitions, no spirits and no reference to any individual. A1 is an independent second source; when citing a specific term instant the official almanac should be cited alongside. Rights: CC BY 4.0. Under Article 5 of the Copyright Law of the People's Republic of China, calendars and general numerical tables are not protected by that law. The upstream JPL DE421 ephemeris is in the public domain; Skyfield is MIT licensed. Asset A4 · Chinese calendrical FAQ (added in v1.1.0) — a five-language open dataset of 197 question-and-answer entries on Chinese calendrics, released under the same CC BY 4.0 terms. Machine-readable as 04-常见问题/data/faq_multi5.json and 04-常见问题/data/faq_multi5.jsonl (197 records; each record carries the question and the Markdown answer in all five languages: 简体中文 / 繁體中文 / English / 日本語 / 한국어), with the sub-dataset's own five-language README alongside. Version 1.1.0 (2026-10-07): this version adds a fourth asset, A4 · frequently asked questions (197 entries in five languages, the folder 04-常见问题/), and registers it in the five-language versions of the README, NOTICE and README_AI_AGENT files and in the top-level asset table. The A1–A3 data tables are byte-for-byte unchanged. Documentation line endings were normalised to LF throughout, and the zh-Hans label of the language-switch line was restored to its canonical form. The concept DOI 10.5281/zenodo.22788686 is unchanged. Related outputs / 相关产出. Sister dataset: Chinese Calendrics and Ancient Astronomy Glossary (bilingual Chinese–English), 10.5281/zenodo.23028692. Archival mirror carrying the data dictionary and errata: OSF osf.io/3sz95 (EN) · osf.io/3wvkh (ZH).
Author: Kuang, Chujia
Language: Chinese
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7213411799