Effects of Virtual Co-working Environment Using a Work-Support Application on Subjective Workload, Mood, and Fatigue: A Randomized Crossover Trial
Year: 2026
Type: preprint
Study designs: Randomized Controlled Trial, Clinical Trial
Abstract: Background Digitalization and remote work have increased interest in work environments that reduce workload, negative mood, and fatigue. Low-interaction co-presence in virtual spaces may offer a new digital work environment, but its effects on subjective workload remain unclear. Objective To examine the effects of the 3D-avatar work-support application gogh on subjective workload, mood, and fatigue. Methods: We conducted an open-label randomized two-period crossover trial in 40 gogh desktop users performing desk- or computer-based tasks. Participants completed 30-min task periods with and without gogh, separated by a 30-min break, in randomized order. The NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) was the primary outcome, with the mood and fatigue domains of the Inventory Scale for Mood and Sense of Fatigue as secondary outcomes. Linear mixed-effects models used condition and period as fixed effects and participant as a random intercept. Results All 40 participants completed both conditions. NASA-TLX scores were 42.3 ± 12.9 with gogh and 51.7 ± 15.1 without gogh; the adjusted mean difference was −9.5 (95% confidence interval (CI) −13.4 to −5.5). Adjusted mean differences were −11.4 for mood (95% CI −16.6 to −6.2) and −15.0 for fatigue (95% CI −20.3 to −9.7). Exploratory analyses showed lower Frustration, Effort, and Physical Demand with gogh. Conclusions The gogh condition was associated with a decrease in post-task perceived workload, negative mood, and fatigue. This combined virtual co-working environment may reduce task-related psychological burden, although objective performance, productivity, and long-term occupational health effects require further study. Trial registration Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCT): jRCT1040260086 https://jrct.mhlw.go.jp/en-latest-detail/jRCT1040260086
Source: medRxiv
Institution: Mie University Hospital
Language: English
Subfield: Human-Computer Interaction
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7213931198