Work

Prime-pull immunisation with yeast-based vaccine modifies cell trafficking and T-cell immunity in bovine mammary gland

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Mastitis remains a major challenge for the dairy industry and the limited efficacy of commercially available vaccines is attributed to their inability to induce strong local cell-mediated immunity. As alternatives, yeast shows great promise, acting as antigen vectors, production platforms and natural adjuvants inducing robust cellular responses. We have previously shown that strategies to counterbalance the inherent immunogenicity of yeast-based vectors are necessary to enhance host response to vaccinal antigens. In this study, we vaccinated cows with an improved bivalent Saccharomyces cerevisiae -based formulation using a prime-pull regimen and employed multiple approaches to provide deep insight into the impact of immunisation on the establishment of immune mechanisms in the mammary gland. We provide evidence that our vaccination strategy modulates cell trafficking and promotes memory T-cell responses in the mammary gland. Our results also suggest that immunising all quarters may not be necessary to elicit immune responses at the whole mammary gland.

Source: npj Vaccines

DOI: 10.1038/s41541-026-01584-9