La experimentación como base en la enseñanza de la química, la biología y la física: : un enfoque pedagógico integral para el desarrollo del pensamiento científico
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Experimentation constitutes a relevant pedagogical strategy for strengthening the teaching of natural sciences, as it promotes the integration of theoretical knowledge with practical application and encourages students to take a more active role in constructing their learning. In this context, experimental activities and laboratory work provide learning environments that can contribute to the development of scientific skills, such as observation, hypothesis formulation, information analysis, data interpretation, and logical reasoning, while also fostering students’ interest and motivation toward science learning. This study aimed to analyze the role of experimentation in the teaching of Chemistry, Biology, and Physics among secondary education students at Instituto América, located in Panama City, Republic of Panama. The research was conducted during the 2025–2026 academic period using a mixed-methods approach and a field study with a quasi-experimental design, integrating quantitative and qualitative information to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon under study. The sample consisted of 120 students from the 10th, 11th, and 12th grades of secondary education, distributed among three academic groups of 40 students each. Data were collected through surveys, interviews, and the analysis of academic performance and scientific skills associated with experimental activities carried out in the laboratory. The results showed favorable academic performance among the participating students, as well as positive progress in skills related to observation, hypothesis formulation, logical reasoning, and data interpretation. Likewise, students expressed a positive perception of practical activities, reflected in increased interest, participation, and motivation toward learning natural sciences. The correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between participation in experimental activities and the development of scientific skills, suggesting that the incorporation of practical experiences may contribute to strengthening learning processes associated with inquiry and scientific thinking. In this regard, the findings support the consideration of experimentation as a relevant pedagogical strategy for complementing theoretical instruction and promoting more active, meaningful, and contextualized learning experiences. It is concluded that the systematic incorporation of laboratory experiences, aligned with the curricular content of Chemistry, Biology, and Physics, constitutes a pedagogical strategy that can contribute to strengthening scientific learning, developing scientific skills and competencies, and promoting the comprehensive education of secondary students. The findings also highlight the importance of continuing to promote well-planned and contextualized experimental practices, accompanied by processes of analysis and reflection, enabling students to relate scientific knowledge to real-life situations in their environment and actively participate in the construction of their learning.
Source: Ektenos
Author: Aronategui G., Manuel
Language: Spanish
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
SDG: Quality education
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7215575671
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