Influence of interactions beyond two-body interaction on the collapse of Bose–Einstein condensate in the attractive regime
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: The Physics of Bose–Einstein Condensation drastically changes when the interaction is switched from repulsive to attractive, giving rise to new phenomena such as the condensate collapse or the so-called “Bosenova”. Numerous theoretical and experimental studies have investigated the collapse of BEC in the past, and an instability condition for BEC was proposed. However, there is a discrepancy between the theoretically predicted and experimentally obtained values of the instability parameter ( 𝑘 ). In this study, we numerically solve the Gross–Pitaevskii equation (GPE) and find a 𝑘 value that agrees better than the earlier theoretically predicted one. We incorporate higher-order interaction terms into the GPE and, by accounting for the experimentally observed 25%–40% particle loss on collapse, we find values of 𝑘 in the range of 0.332–0.415, which closely aligns with the experimentally obtained range. Hence, it is shown that the experimentally obtained range of values of 𝑘 is better described theoretically when the specific trap geometry, the observed particle loss, and higher-order interaction terms are considered.
Authors: Aditya Saxena, Abhinav K. Nair
Institution: University of Delhi
Language: English
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $2,810
OpenAlex ID: W7215815550