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Prevalence of Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy and Its Association with Glycaemic Control and Duration of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study

Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Purpose:Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy (CAN) is a significant complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), linked to an approximately five-fold higher risk of cardiovascular mortality. Recognizing patients with CAN is crucial, as initiating comprehensive interventions aimed at lifestyle changes, glycaemicmanagement, and reducing cardiovascular risk factors early on can slow its progression and may even allow for potential reversal if detected shortly after onset. Methods:Anobservational cross-section study was conducted on 400 type-II DM individuals between the ages of 30 to 60 years during June 2023 to June 2025 after obtaining Institutional Ethics Committee approval. The Autonomic Function Tests (AFTs) were recorded as per the standard operating procedures. Tests for Parasympathetic Functions and Sympathetic Functions were done.Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 27. Continuous variables were compared by using the unpaired Student's t-test and ANOVA test. The correlation was done by using the Karl Pearson Coefficient. A p-value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results:220 (55%) participants had CAN and 180 (45%) individuals were without CAN. There was variation in the age, HbA1c, and duration of diabetes mellitus in individuals with and without CAN, but it was not statistically significant. No statistically significant correlation was observed between the duration of diabetes mellitus and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) with parameters of the autonomic function test. ConclusionAs CAN may be subclinical in most of the diabetic patients, these patients should be monitored with regular non-invasive autonomic function tests along with dietary management, lifestyle modifications, regular medication and controlling HbA1c within normal limits.
Language: English
Field: Medicine
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7217707053
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