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Programas de ejercicios propioceptivos en la recuperación de la estabilidad del esguince de tobillo en futbolistas

Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Systematic Review
Abstract: DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/gt.v9i18edespsep.0444 Abstract The present has the objective to evaluate the effectiveness of lumbar strengthening/stabilization programs (specific or general) in adults with symptomatic lumbar disc herniation or chronic low back pain with radiculopathy, compared with general exercise, passive therapies, or another conservative modality, on pain intensity and functional disability. We have done a systematic review with searches in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, and an additional bibliographic database (records exported in September 2026), complemented with a targeted literature search given the initial scarcity of results, following the PRISMA 2020 methodology; 35 records were identified, of which 28 were screened after removing duplicates; 5 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) met the broadened eligibility criteria. All five RCTs reported significant improvements in pain and/or functional disability with lumbar stabilization/strengthening training versus the Ankle sprain is one of the most common musculoskeletal injuries among soccer players, particularly due to forced inversion mechanisms, jumping, and sudden changes of direction. This injury can cause proprioceptive deficits, impaired postural control, and chronic ankle instability, increasing the risk of recurrent injuries. Therefore, proprioceptive exercise programs represent an important strategy in physiotherapy rehabilitation. The present study analyzes the effectiveness of these programs in recovering ankle stability in soccer players with a history of ankle sprain. A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, considering studies published between August 2021 and July 2026. Of the 50 records initially identified, four studies ultimately met the inclusion criteria. The results showed improvements in dynamic balance, perceived stability, joint function, and sports performance following proprioceptive and balance training programs.The evidence indicates that programs combining balance exercises and muscle strengthening may produce better functional outcomes than isolated interventions. However, the limited number of studies specifically involving soccer players, small sample sizes, and methodological limitations reduce the certainty of the findings. Structured and progressive proprioceptive exercises, lasting at least six weeks, are therefore recommended as part of ankle sprain rehabilitation to restore joint stability, improve sports performance, and reduce the risk of chronic instability and recurrent injury. Keywords: Ankle sprain; proprioception; joint stability; balance; soccer players; rehabilitation; muscle strengthening; neuromuscular control.
Language: Spanish
Field: Medicine
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7218035574
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