Effect of heat stress on developmental stages, yield and fibre traits of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)
Year: 2023
Type: article
Abstract: Cotton is taken as white gold for the economy of Pakistan. However, heat stress is the most crucial factor that drasticallyaffects its yield right from germination to maturity. Optimum temperature for root development is 30-35°C but at 40°Croot development stops. Extremes of high temperature are harmful that hinders the photosynthetic rate of the crop. Forfruiting 27-32°C temperature is required but an increase in temperature from optimum range reduces time for synthateaccumulation resulting in fruit shedding. Higher temperature stress decreases pollen viability and the anther indehiscence,which results in a lower seed setting rate and causes significant reductions in final yield. At 40°C Rubisco activity is alsoinhibited thus results in photosynthesis hindrance. In the case of the cotton crop, an increase in 1°C of temperature,110kg/ha lint yield is reduced. Heat stress along with water stress also affects potassium and soluble sugar that contribute80% of total fiber sap resulting in the shortening of fiber length. High temperature can cause roughness of fiber, increasingthe micronaire of lint. Lint index, lint percentage, and lint per boll decreased when temperature exceeds 37°C. Therefore,this review article demonstrates the effects of heat stress on different crop stages, productivity, and fiber quality of cotton.Cotton breeders should focus on development of climate resilient cultivars of cotton. © 2021 Department of AgriculturalSciences, AIOU
Institutions: Central Cotton Research Institute, Ghazi University
Language: English
Subfield: Plant Science
Domain: Life Sciences
SDG: Zero hunger
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7220561385