Year: 2023
Type: dissertation
Abstract: Meiosis is an essential process for eukaryotic organisms to create gametes, including oocytes or spermatocytes.Compared to typical mitosis, it is much more complicated since it involves two types of chromosome separation and two consecutive cell divisions.Meiosis I is a very special process which contains a lot of meiosis specific activities such as pairing, synapsis, and recombination.This division is also prone to errors, which means a high rate of causing some problems during this process.Any defects occurred at this stage may cause disease like infertility, miscarriage, or congenital malformation.As a result, it is crucial to study the mechanisms involved and investigate factors that may cause abnormalities in this process.Oocytes are produced in female ovaries and undergo a special process called oogenesis to become matured oocytes.The quantity and quality of oocytes determine the fertility of female.Oogenesis begins during fetal development, and oocytes are arrested at meiosis I prophase stage until puberty.After puberty, some oocytes could periodically resume to activate the further maturation process, which would be arrested at meiosis II metaphase stage waiting for fusing with sperm to form a zygote.Oocyte in vitro culture is a popular method to study its maturation, which allow us to collect ovaries from mouse and isolate individual oocytes.The prepared oocytes could be cultured in petri dishes, and the in vitro timeline has been well-studied.Therefore, it is easy to track the oocyte progression under the microscope and obtain the oocytes at certain stage, providing a platform for investigating meiotic mechanisms and structures involved.Spindles and chromosomes are two important structures that are formed only during mitosis or meiosis.These structures work together to ensure the even distribution of genetic materials, so each daughter cell gets equal amounts of genetic information from their parents after cell division.Although spindle and chromosome structures have been discovered and studied for
Author: Liu, Ning
Language: English
Subfield: Reproductive Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7220797341