Work

Understanding Weight Change in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Adults With Eating Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Year: 2026

Type: review

Study designs: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis

Abstract: ABSTRACT Objective To examine body mass index (BMI) change during and following cognitive behavioural therapy for eating disorders (CBT‐ED), separately for underweight and non‐underweight participants. Method Random‐effects meta‐analyses synthesised 55 studies. Pre‐to post‐treatment and follow‐up BMI changes were analysed by baseline weight status. Treatment setting was examined among underweight participants. Results BMI increased substantially in underweight participants ( g = 1.15, 95% CI [0.43, 1.88], k = 26) and slightly in non‐underweight participants ( g = 0.38, 95% CI [0.10, 0.65], k = 43) from pre‐to post‐treatment. Heterogeneity was very high (I 2 = 98.90% and 96.05%, respectively). Among underweight participants, effects were positive in inpatient ( g = 1.53) and community settings ( g = 0.84), with no significant between‐setting difference ( p = 0.168). At follow‐up, BMI remained higher than baseline in underweight participants ( g = 0.91, 95% CI [0.39, 1.43]) but not in non‐underweight participants ( g = 0.11, 95% CI [−0.11, 0.33]). Conclusions BMI change following CBT‐ED differs by baseline weight status and should be interpreted in relation to treatment goals. However, the conclusions should be considered cautiously, given the low quality of the research, and future studies should be more attentive research quality.

Source: European Eating Disorders Review

DOI: 10.1002/erv.70177

Authors: Jessica Ellingham, Glenn Waller

Institutions: University of Sheffield, University of Warwick

Language: English

Topic: Eating Disorders and Behaviors

Subfield: Clinical Psychology

Field: Psychology

Domain: Social Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: hybrid

Estimated APC paid: $4,330