How salary satisfaction and working conditions shape professional attitudes of primary school teachers in Vietnam: a structural equation modeling analysis during the 2024–2026 salary reform
Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Introduction: Vietnam faces a severe teacher shortage (over 102,000 positions), partly due to low salaries and high work pressure. The 2024-2026 salary reform is intended to address these issues, but its association with teachers' professional attitudes remains underexplored. Methods: This study examines how salary satisfaction and working conditions relate to the professional attitudes of primary school teachers in Vietnam during the salary reform period. A cross-sectional survey of 357 public primary school teachers was conducted. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to test the associations between salary satisfaction, working conditions, actual income, fairness in salary policy, and professional attitudes. Results: >0.05). Discussion: In conclusion, salary satisfaction and working conditions were the two key correlates of professional attitudes in this sample. Policy implications may include increasing basic salaries, reconsidering the proposed abolition of seniority allowances, and improving working conditions in disadvantaged areas. Given the cross-sectional design, all findings are interpreted as associations rather than causal effects.
Source: Frontiers in Psychology
Authors: Thi Quynh Mai Le, Yi Jiang Li
Institutions: Anhui Normal University, Huaibei Normal University
Language: English
Subfield: Education
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,801
OpenAlex ID: W7221013197