High-Resolution Datasets of Thermal Dynamics, Heat Pump Operation, and Grid Interaction in Three Experimental Buildings
Year: 2026
Type: dataset
Abstract: High-Resolution Datasets of Thermal Dynamics, Heat Pump Operation, and Grid Interaction in Three Experimental Buildings Overview This dataset contains high-resolution time-series measurements from a winter heating campaign conducted at three identical buildings of the Living Lab Energy Campus (LLEC) at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany. The campaign was designed to characterize building thermal dynamics, heating system operation, and power grid interaction under controlled, reproducible conditions. The data is distributed as metadata-annotated CSV files that conform to the CSVW standard. Experimental Setup Location: KIT Campus North, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen (Karlsruhe-Area), GermanyCoordinates: 49° 06' 01.3"N 8° 26' 12.3"EPeriod: December 2025 / January 2026Resolution: 1-minute intervals Building Configuration: Three buildings with identical envelopes and construction Buildings 1 & 2: Direct-expansion air-conditioning systems (identical units) Building 3: Central air-to-water reversible heat pump Experimental Periods: Experiment 1 (20 Dec 2025 – 25 Dec 2025): Day/night setpoint schedule (21°C day, 19°C night) Experiment 2 (28 Dec 2025 – 6 Jan 2026): Constant setpoint operation (20°C) Controlled Conditions: Buildings unoccupied All windows, doors, and blinds closed Internal heat gains minimized Measurements Included Category Variables Units Electrical Power and energy consumption (HVAC, kitchen, bathroom) W, kWh Thermal (B3 only) Flow rate, supply/return temperatures, thermal power, thermal energy (per room) m³/h, °C, W, kWh Indoor Climate Zone temperatures, temperature setpoints (5 rooms + kitchen + bathroom per building) °C Weather Solar irradiance, ambient temperature, pressure, humidity, wind speed/direction W/m², °C, hPa, %, m/s, ° Data Format Files: 2 CSV files (Exp1_tot.csv, Exp2_tot.csv) Metadata: CSVW-standard JSON annotations with Open Energy Ontology (OEO) semantic mappings Units: All measurements include unit specifications in metadata Caveats & Limitations Controlled environment: Results reflect unoccupied building behavior; internal gains from occupants not represented Seasonal scope: Winter period only; annual generalization requires additional data Heat pump operation (B3 only): Fixed supply temperature setpoint (40°C) may not represent optimal operating conditions Measurement uncertainty: Indoor temperature sensors not collocated with HVAC indoor units; slight offsets possible Heat-flow data: Available only for Building 3 (heat pump system) Citation When using this dataset, please cite DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21157949 and the specific version used.
Institution: Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
Language: English
Subfield: Building and Construction
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funder: Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
OpenAlex ID: W7221551174