Work

Roles of endogenous retrovirus- and other LTR retrotransposon-derived proteins and peptides in neurological disorders, oncogenesis, and host defense

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: LTR retrotransposons, including endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), constitute approximately 9% of the human genome and represent remnants of ancient mobile genetic elements. Although most of these sequences have accumulated truncations and mutations and have long been regarded as genomic relics, accumulating evidence indicates that ERV- and other LTR retrotransposon-derived proteins and peptides are involved in various diseases and may serve as possible therapeutic targets. In this review, we summarize recent studies on how these proteins and peptides contribute to human health and disease across three major domains: neurological disorders, oncogenesis, and host defense. Continued advances in nucleotide sequencing technologies and proteomics are expected to further expand our understanding of the biological and pathological roles of endogenous retrovirus- and other LTR retrotransposon-derived proteins and peptides.

Source: Genes & Genetic Systems

DOI: 10.1266/ggs.26-00069

Authors: Noi Saitoh, Ryo Yanagiya, Yi Cong, So Nakagawa

Institutions: Tokai University, Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokai University, Saga University, Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University

Language: English

Topic: Chromosomal and Genetic Variations

Subfield: Genetics

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,130