Work

Organizational value realization from AI-enabled digital health technologies in long-term care: roles of human–AI collaboration and digital literacy

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Rapid population aging has intensified pressures on long-term care (LTC) systems, exacerbating workforce shortages and challenges to sustainable healthcare delivery. Although AI-enabled digital health technologies (DHTs) have emerged as promising tools to address these challenges, existing research has focused largely on technology adoption and system use in hospital settings, providing limited understanding of how AI-enabled DHTs realize organizational value and optimize healthcare delivery in LTC organizations. This study aimed to develop and examine an integrated framework for understanding organizational value realization from AI-enabled DHTs in LTC organizations, focusing on the interrelated roles of technological quality, human–AI collaboration, and workforce digital capability. The study also sought to generate evidence to inform healthcare management strategies for optimizing healthcare delivery. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 257 staff from multiple LTC facilities in Taiwan who had used AI-enabled DHTs for at least six months. Data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and importance-performance map analysis (IPMA). The proposed model explained 77.9% of the variance in perceived organizational value, together with substantial variance in user satisfaction (R 2 = 0.763) and system use (R 2 = 0.652). Human–AI collaboration quality showed the strongest positive association with user satisfaction and was positively associated with system use. User satisfaction was more strongly associated with perceived organizational value than system use. Digital literacy showed significant but differing moderation effects across these relationships. IPMA identified AI explainability, adaptive personalization, system stability, and functional completeness as priority areas for improvement. These findings advance understanding of organizational value realization from AI-enabled DHTs in LTC organizations by highlighting the roles of human–AI collaboration and digital literacy. They underscore the value of explainable, adaptive, and human-centered AI design in supporting positive user experiences with AI-enabled DHTs. Workforce digital literacy may further shape how these technology experiences relate to perceived organizational value. These insights provide evidence to inform healthcare management strategies that align AI system design and workforce development with organizational objectives to support healthcare delivery optimization and sustainable long-term care in aging societies.

Source: Frontiers in Medicine

DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1958359

Authors: Lin-Yu Tsai, Yi-Nuo Shih, Szu-Kou Lee, Mingchih Chen, Yi-Chen Lan

Institution: Fu Jen Catholic University

Language: English

Topic: Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes

Subfield: Geriatrics and Gerontology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,801