Year: 2026
Type: preprint
Abstract: Let $f,g\in\mathbb{Z}[t]$ be products of cyclotomic polynomials such that either $g/\gcd(f,g)$ or $f/\gcd(f,g)$ (or both) is squarefree. We give explicit formulae for the invariant factors of $f(C_g)$, where $C_g$ is the companion matrix of $g$, expressing them in terms of the indices and multiplicities of the cyclotomic factors of $f$ and $g$. A more compact formula holds for the circulant case $g(t)=t^n-1$, assuming that every cyclotomic factor shared by $f$ and $g$ has multiplicity $1$ in $f$. We discuss applications to several topics, including abelianizations of cyclically presented groups, homology groups of cyclic branched covers of knots, adjacency matrices and shifted graph Laplacians, $K$-theory, and Smith forms of matrix powers. For example, for two families of hyperbolic knots we give the first integral homology in every covering degree; or, when $g$ is squarefree, we determine the least eventual period of the Smith forms of powers of $f(C_g)$.
Source: arXiv (Cornell University)
Authors: Noferini, Vanni, Williams, Gerald
Institutions: Aalto University, University of Essex
Language: English
Topic: Rings, Modules, and Algebras
Subfield: Algebra and Number Theory
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
Award: G8163960986
OpenAlex ID: W7222053153