Work

The impact of allergic rhinitis on nasopharyngeal microbiota and metabolomics in children with severe adenoid hypertrophy

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Introduction: The impact of allergic rhinitis (AR) on adenoid hypertrophy (AH) in pediatric patients is unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of AR on the nasopharyngeal microbiota and metabolomics of children with AH. Methods: 16S rDNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics were used to evaluate the nasopharyngeal microbiota and metabolomics characteristics of 9 children with AH complicated with AR (AH-AR group) and 9 children with AH without complicated AR (AH-nAR group). Results: The 16S rDNA sequencing results showed that compared with the AH-nAR group, the diversity of nasopharyngeal microbiota in the AH-AR group significantly increased, mainly manifested by a significant increase in Fusobacterium, Actinomyces, and Veillonella genera. Further metabolomics showed that compared with the AHnAR group, 140 metabolites were significantly reduced and 115 metabolites were significantly increased in the adenoid surface secretion samples of the AH-AR group. KEGG enrichment analysis showed significant changes in 12 metabolic pathways in the AH-AR group. In addition, Spearman correlation analysis revealed a significant correlation between altered bacterial genera and metabolites. Discussion: AR may promote AH in children through the nasopharyngeal microbiota and metabolites.

Source: Frontiers in Medicine

DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1895589