Work

Exploring gender differences in depressive symptoms and life conditions among first-generation Vietnamese migrants in Germany

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Background Gender plays a crucial role in shaping migrants' mental health. Yet gender differences remain insufficiently studied . Objective The study seeks to provide a more nuanced understanding of gender differences in depressive symptoms and life conditions among first-generation Vietnamese migrants in Germany, including potential indirect pathways linking gender to depressive symptoms. Methods A nonclinical sample of 326 first-generation Vietnamese migrants in Germany completed a survey assessing sociodemographic (e.g., age, financial status), migration-related (e.g., language proficiency, cultural orientation), and psychological variables, including depressive symptoms and psychosocial stressors (e.g., health concerns, relationship conflicts, traumatic memories). Analyses included gender comparisons, correlations with depressive symptoms, and an exploratory mediation model using structural equation modelling. Results Clinically significant depressive symptoms were approximately three times as prevalent among women as among men (15.4% vs. 4.8%). Women also reported higher levels of psychosocial stress, particularly health concerns, appearance concerns, family caregiving stress, financial concerns, and perceived lack of support, whereas men demonstrated higher employment rates, better German language proficiency, greater educational attainment in Germany, and a stronger orientation toward German culture. The mediation model identified a significant indirect effect via psychosocial stress. Discussion Findings underscore the importance of addressing gender-specific challenges among migrants. Identified intertwined factors such as language proficiency and education in Germany, employment, financial status, orientation toward German culture, and especially psychosocial stressors, including social support, health concerns, financial concerns, and family caregiving stress, are suggested to be a focus of further research, policies and targeted mental health services.

Source: Journal of Migration and Health

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2026.100447

Authors: Laura Elisabeth Tuturea, Eric Hahn, Luisa Eilinghoff, Kerem Böge, Marco Zierhut, Thi Minh Tam Ta

Institutions: Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg Theodor Fontane, Deutsches Zentrum für Psychische Gesundheit, Stiftung Charité

Language: English

Topic: Migration, Health and Trauma

Subfield: Clinical Psychology

Field: Psychology

Domain: Social Sciences

SDGs: Good health and well-being, Reduced inequalities, Gender equality

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,670