Work

Synergistic effects of TiO2 nanoparticles and isopropanol–butanol–ethanol (IBE)-enriched biodiesel blends on combustion and emission performance in diesel engines equipped with diesel oxidation catalyst and selective catalytic reduction

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Increasingly stringent emission regulations necessitate integrated strategies to improve combustion efficiency and reduce exhaust emissions in compression-ignition engines. The combined effects of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles and isopropanol–butanol–ethanol (IBE)-enriched biodiesel–diesel blends were experimentally investigated in a diesel engine equipped with a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) aftertreatment system. Diesel, 30 vol% biodiesel (B30), and B30–IBE blends containing 30, 60, and 90 ppm TiO 2 were evaluated under different engine loads. IBE generally improved fuel–air mixing, whereas its high latent heat of vaporization tended to increase fuel consumption under certain conditions. TiO 2 exhibited concentration-dependent behavior, with 30–60 ppm providing a balanced overall response. Oxygenated blends reduced carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions, while TiO 2 further promoted oxidation. The integrated DOC + SCR system achieved CO, HC, and nitrogen oxides (NO x ) conversion efficiencies of up to 100%, 76%, and 59%, respectively.

Source: International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.158129

Author: Emrah Erçek

Institution: Afyon Kocatepe University

Language: English

Topic: Biodiesel Production and Applications

Subfield: Biomedical Engineering

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDGs: Affordable and clean energy, Climate action

Open Access status: hybrid

Estimated APC paid: $3,730