Work

Safety of tuberculosis-preventive treatment in children aged under 5 years: A rapid review

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to synthesize evidence on the safety of tuberculosis-preventive treatment (TPT) in children aged <5 years, including those with immunocompromising conditions. METHODS: A rapid review was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Virtual Health Library, and the Cochrane Library, including systematic reviews and primary studies. RESULTS: Five studies were included, assessing isoniazid-based regimens. Adverse events were mild and reversible, such as transient liver enzyme elevations and peripheral neuropathy. Severe hepatotoxicity was rare and primarily reported in children with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). CONCLUSIONS: TPT appears generally safe in children aged <5 years; however, evidence remains limited for shorter regimens and immunocompromised populations.

Source: Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0029-2026

Authors: Liza Yurie Teruya Uchimura, Tatiana Yonekura, Jeane Roza Quintans, Mabel Fernandes Figueiró, Karina dos Santos Casado, Eduardo de Souza Alves, Fernanda Dockhorn Costa Johansen, Daniele Maria Pelissari, Nicole Menezes de Souza

Institution: Ministério da Saúde

Language: English

Topic: Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology

Subfield: Infectious Diseases

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: diamond

OpenAlex ID: W7222622787

FWCI:

Cites: 9

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Related to: 10