Renal outcome at 2 years in neonates with nephrocalcinosis and bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a case–control study
Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Objective Nephrocalcinosis is common in preterm neonates. Its aetiology is multifactorial and associated with lower gestational age, low birth weight and in those with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). While spontaneous resolution of nephrocalcinosis occurs in the first years of life, its short- and long-term consequences remain uncertain. This single centre study explored the association of nephrocalcinosis with haematuria, hypertension and urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children at 2 years of age.Design Retrospective case–control study of nephrocalcinosis in premature infants (<1500 g) with BPD, who were born between 2012 and 2018. We evaluated the association of nephrocalcinosis on base excess, lactate, pH and creatinine levels from birth to 25 days postdelivery. We then followed the children for 2 years to explore the association of nephrocalcinosis severity on the development of haematuria, hypertension and UTIs.Setting Tertiary care neonatal intensive care unit at a single Canadian centre.Patients 308 preterm neonates.Results 205 of 308 infants (66.6%) had nephrocalcinosis. Furosemide use was significantly greater (p=0.007) in infants with mild nephrocalcinosis (40.2%) compared with infants without nephrocalcinosis (24.3%). Gentamicin administration was significantly greater in infants with moderate/severe nephrocalcinosis (80.6%, p=0.010) or mild nephrocalcinosis (75.1%, p=0.001) compared with infants without nephrocalcinosis (56.3%). The incidence of UTI was significantly greater (p=0.004) in infants with moderate/severe nephrocalcinosis (36.4%) compared with infants with mild nephrocalcinosis (11.2%). There was no association of nephrocalcinosis with either haematuria or hypertension.Conclusion Moderate-severe nephrocalcinosis was associated with a risk of UTI after discharge from hospital.
Source: BMJ Paediatrics Open
Language: English
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7222668520