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The relationship between 5α-reductase inhibitors and the presence of following open angle glaucoma: a TriNetX cohort study

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Purpose: This study was conducted to test a possible association between 5α-reductase inhibitor (5ARI) use and subsequent open-angle glaucoma (OAG). Method: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, and individuals with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and androgenetic alopecia were included and classified according to whether they received 5ARI treatment. A total of 181,208 individuals were included in each of the 5ARI and non-5ARI groups. The primary outcome was the development of OAG according to diagnostic and procedure codes. Cox proportional hazard regression was performed for the statistical analysis. Results: OAG occurred in 3477 patients (5.14%) in the 5ARI group and 3044 patients (4.59%) in the non-5ARI group. After adjustment for multiple covariates, exposure to 5ARIs was associated with a significantly greater risk of OAG compared with the non-5ARI treatment (P < 0.001). The cumulative incidence of OAG was significantly higher among patients receiving 5ARI therapy than among those in the non-5ARI group (P < 0.001), and the cumulative incidence of HTG was significantly higher in the 5ARI population than the non-5ARI population (P = 0.002). In the sensitivity analysis, the 5ARI cohort exhibited significantly increased rates of OAG and HTG compared with the non-5ARI cohort, except for Asian individuals (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The use of 5ARIs may be related to the development of OAG.

Source: International Journal of Medical Sciences

DOI: 10.7150/ijms.137426